Soft, light, and spongy, my Japanese Steamed Cake (Mushi Pan) recipe is easy to make at home. Take my basic cake in a sweet or savory direction with my variations for chocolate or cheese-and-corn mushi pan. Enjoy them as a tasty breakfast or after-school snack.
These treats may look like muffins, but as you might have guessed – they’re not. We call these Steamed Cakes “Mushi-pan” (蒸しパン) in Japanese. The biggest difference between these cakes and muffins is that these delicious little treats are steamed instead of baked.
What is Steamed Cake (Mushi-pan)?
The Japanese cakes are made with very simple ingredients: flour (all-purpose flour or cake flour), baking powder, eggs, milk, sugar, and neutral-flavored oil (such as vegetable oil). While Chinese steamed bun called Mantou (饅頭) uses yeast as a leavening agent, Japanese steamed cakes use baking powder.
After WWII, when a massive amount of wheat flour was imported from the U.S., and the Japanese started to eat more bread. We call it “pan” (パン) in Japanese. Around the same time, steamed cakes started to appear in Japanese kitchens. As sugar was expensive back then, the Japanese included small chunks of Japanese sweet potatoes (Satsumaimo) to sweeten the steamed cakes. These Satsumaimo Steamed Cakes are still the most popular flavor today.
In the late 1980s, convenience stores in Japan started to sell Cheese Mushi-pan (チーズ蒸しパン) and Chocolate Mushi-pan (チョコ蒸しパン) that became really popular. I remember being addicted to the cheese version. The savory, cheesy flavor was really too hard to resist.
My homemade version is not the same as those Cheese ones. However, homemade steamed cakes are equally delicious and you can play around with various flavors. Unlike store-bought cakes, there are no preservatives and additives.
These healthy steamed cakes are soft and easy to digest, so they are perfect for small children!
3 Reasons To Make Mushi-Pan (Japanese Steamed Cakes)
1. Quick and easy to make
This recipe is so quick and easy to make! Even my children can make them as long as I help with the steaming. It only takes 20 minutes from start to finish. You can make them fresh whenever you want to eat them.
2. Versatile
The best part of steamed cakes is that they can be easily changed to either savory or sweet flavor. My Basic Steamed Cake recipe below is the standard where you can adapt to sweet or savory as you please.
For sweet steamed cakes, you can add vanilla extract. I didn’t add it so the recipe can be changed to a savory one. I recommend keeping the sugar for the savory version as a slight sweetness helps to enhance flavor.
3. Re-steam to make it fluffy
You can store it in the refrigerator or freezer for later and re-steam it when you want to eat for a quick snack. The steamed cakes will be soft and spongy again!
If you give my Mushi-Pan recipe a try, let me know. I’d love to hear about your variations and results in the comments!
Love Matcha (Green Tea)?
Check out my Green Tea Steamed Cake too!
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Steamed Cake
Ingredients
For the Basic Steamed Cake
- ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour)
- 1 tsp baking powder
- 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell)
- 2 Tbsp milk
- 2 Tbsp sugar
- 1 Tbsp neutral oil
For the Corn and Cheese Steamed Cake
- ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour)
- 1 tsp baking powder
- 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell)
- 2 Tbsp milk
- 2 Tbsp sugar
- 1 Tbsp neutral oil
- ¼ cup frozen or canned corn
- ¼ cup shredded cheese (I used sharp cheddar)
For the Double Chocolate Steamed Cake
- ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour)
- 1 tsp baking powder
- 1½ Tbsp unsweetened cocoa powder
- 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell)
- 3 Tbsp milk
- 2 Tbsp sugar
- 2 Tbsp neutral oil
- 2 Tbsp chocolate chips
Instructions
- Fill a large frying pan with water about ½ inch (1.3 cm) deep. Cover the lid with a kitchen towel to prevent condensation (very important). Cover the pan with the lid and slowly bring it to a boil. You can use a regular steamer, but the cooking time will be slightly longer. Please read how to store and reheat at the end of the recipe.
To Make the Basic Steamed Cake
- Gather all the ingredients. You will also need 4 6-oz ramekins and cupcake liners.
- In a medium bowl, combine ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour) and 1 tsp baking powder. Whisk well to combine (it‘s a shortcut for sifting).
- In a small bowl, whisk 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell), 2 Tbsp milk, 2 Tbsp sugar, and 1 Tbsp neutral oil together until combined and the sugar is dissolved.
- Pour the egg mixture into the flour mixture and mix until just combined and smooth. Do not overmix.
- Put a cupcake liner in each glass ramekin and divide the batter into the cupcake liners.
- Place the glass ramekins in the boiling water and cook, covered, on the lowest heat for 8 minutes.
- They‘re done when a skewer inserted comes out clean. Turn off the heat. Remove the ramekins from the pan and let them cool on a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.
To Make the Corn and Cheese Steamed Cake
- Gather all the ingredients.
- In a medium bowl, combine ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour) and 1 tsp baking powder. Whisk well to combine (shortcut for sifting).
- In a small bowl, whisk 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell), 2 Tbsp milk, 2 Tbsp sugar, and 1 Tbsp neutral oil together until combined and the sugar is dissolved.
- Pour the egg mixture into the flour mixture and mix until just combined and smooth. Do not overmix.
- Add ¼ cup frozen or canned corn and ¼ cup shredded cheese and mix until combined. Put a cupcake liner in each glass ramekin and divide the batter into the cupcake liners.
- Place the glass ramekins in the boiling water and cook, covered, on the lowest heat for 12–13 minutes. They‘re done when a skewer inserted comes out clean.
- Turn off the heat. Remove the ramekins from the pan and let them cool on a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.
To Make the Double Chocolate Steamed Cake
- Gather all the ingredients.
- In a medium bowl, combine ½ cup all-purpose flour (plain flour), 1 tsp baking powder, and 1½ Tbsp unsweetened cocoa powder. Whisk well to combine (shortcut for sifting).
- In a small bowl, whisk 1 large egg (50 g each w/o shell), 3 Tbsp milk, 2 Tbsp sugar, and 2 Tbsp neutral oil together until combined and the sugar is dissolved.
- Pour the egg mixture into the flour mixture and mix until just combined and smooth. Do not overmix.
- Add 2 Tbsp chocolate chips and mix until combined. Put a cupcake liner in each glass ramekin and divide the batter into the cupcake liners.
- Place the glass ramekins in the boiling water and cook covered on the lowest heat for 8 minutes. They‘re done when a skewer inserted comes out clean. Turn off the heat and remove the ramekins from the pan and let them cool on a wire rack. Serve warm or at room temperature.
To Store and Reheat
- You can store the steamed cakes in an airtight container for 2–3 days or freeze them for up to 1 month. Reheat using one of two methods: 1) Cover with a damp paper towel and reheat in the microwave. Take care not to overheat it, as it will become very hard. For a frozen steamed cake, defrost before microwaving. 2) Steam using a frying pan, lid, and ramekin (as above) or a regular steamer to reheat the refrigerated or frozen cake until warm.
Nutrition
Editor’s Note: This post was originally published on May 4, 2011. The new images were added in April 2017. The post was edited and republished in May 2020.
Hi Nami…i would like to make just one plain recipe but just divide and add flavors in one mix. i wonder how much cocoa powder should i add to two pcs. and also with the corn and chhes. thank you.
Hi Chit, Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
If you are making one batch with ½ cup of all-purpose flour (plain flour), you can divide the other recipes’ flavors by the number of your cups.
Please note that the chocolate one needs a bit more milk than the other.
We hope this helps!
Made the chocolate ones this evening, super quick to make. So light, fluffy and delicious. Ate two and now wondering if I can manage a third!
Hi Emily! Aww. Nami and JOC team are so happy to hear you enjoyed Mushi-pan!
Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe and for your kind feedback.☺️
hello! if u use ceramic instead of glass ramekins, does the cooktime change? thx:)
Hi rin! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
It depends on the thickness of your ceramic. So it’s best to insert a skewer and see if it comes out clean without wet batter.
We hope this helps!
I love this recipe, and use it all the time for a quick treat! I steam them in a large pot in silicon cupcake wrappers with a metal steamer basket and they come out pretty great, very bouncy and fluffy, like a cotton ball! Sometimes I add some instant coffee for a lightly sweet coffee-flavored cake 🙂
Hi Rin! Wow! Coffee-flavored! It sounds yummy!🤩
Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe and sharing your experience with us!😊
Hi, Nami-chan! I love that you use the bain-marie method for steaming the cakes because I don’t have a huge steamer. You mentioned your recipe for steamed cake is different from the mushi-pan in Japan. May I ask what the difference is?
Hi Emily, Thank you very much for reading Nami’s post and trying her recipe!
We are glad to hear this cooking method works out well for you.🙂
“Cheese Mushi-pan (チーズ蒸しパン)” that Nami mentioned in this post is very soft and moist. It is close to Soufflé Cheesecake. The flavor is more buttery than in Nami’s recipe.
We hope this helps!
These reminds me of a cheesecake-like packaged snack I liked to buy at konbini in Japan. I’m wondering if I could add 1/4 cup of cream cheese to the plain recipe to replicate it.
Hi Geri! Thank you very much for reading Nami’s post and trying her recipe!
I love the Konbini Cheese Mushi-pan! It brings back my memory. 😋
We have not tried this recipe with cream cheese before, and we are unsure how much it needs to give a good balance.
Let us know if you try it!
Hi Nami, I have tried the recipe but I faced a problem. The surface of the cake was not smooth and the cake was hard. I added soy milk instead of milk. Will it be the reason?
Hi Hazel! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
We are sorry to hear it didn’t turn well this time. Soy milk would not be the problem. It looks like it was overmixed or due to the steam temperature.
Please make sure to place the ramekins in the boiling water (not water) and cook covered on the lowest heat. Another tip is to use baking powder that is not sitting in the cabinet for too long.😉
We hope this helps!
Hi Nami,
I tried to make it today (the plain version, I added a bit of vanilla extract) and although it tastes nice, the texture does not seem quite right. The first ones were fallen in and while the later ones I made did puff up bigger, they were all quite dense and heavy. Any idea what I could be doing wrong?
Hi Siebrig! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
The dense and heavy texture is usually due to over mixing the dough.
Also, if you use a cup to measure the flour, please follow this link to make sure you are not using too much flour. https://www.justonecookbook.com/how-to-measure-flour/
Another thing you can try is that shift flour and baking powder instead of shortcut at Step 2.
We hope this helps!
Hi Nami,
Mine tends to have many, many small air bubbles after I mixed in the egg to the flour. The air bubbles do not go away but just kept appearing :/
Hi Grace! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
When you mix the batter, please make sure not to mix too much. If it still keeps getting air bubbles, you can rest the batter for a few minutes, and you can drop the batter bowl on the kitchen counter to release the air bubbles.
We hope this helps!
Hi Nami! The steamed cakes look great 🙂 I am planning to make this for my 9mo baby. I saw a comment asking if wholewheat flour can be used instead -> I will try this out and let you know.
Is it ok to omit the sugar, use the basic recipe and add in cubed pumpkin / sweet potato instead? I am new to cooking & baking. Exploring cooking because of my baby lol. Should I cook the cubed pumpkin or raw ones work? As for the milk – can I replace with formula milk?
Thank you so much for sharing this recipe!
Hi Kaiyun! Thank you very much for reading Nami’s post!
If you are plan to add pumpkin or sweet potato, we recommend cooking them first so that the Mushi-pan would not be overcooked.
As for the formula, we have never tried it before. It should work, but the texture will be a little different and could be on the dense side.
We hope this helps!
Can you use over ripen bananas to sweeten and flavor the lil cakes? Mom diabetic not suppose to have sugar.
Thank you
Hi Nicole! Sure, you can use a mashed or add small cut pieces of banana to the steamed cake.
We hope this helps, and your mom enjoys the Mushi-pan!😊
has anyone used an instant pot for the steaming ??
just curious
Hi Pam! Thank you for reading Nami’s post!
We haven’t heard anyone used an instant pot. Please let us know if you try it!😀
Hi Nami, I was so excited to try this easy recipe but mine did not rise much and did not look as fluffy. Probably because I steamed them in a bamboo basket. I ll try again and will try to put the ramekin in boiling water next time. I am using ramekins with 3.1 inch base and liners that fit exactly. Is it too big?
Hi Faye! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe!
We are sorry to hear that your Mushi-pan didn’t rise much as you like.😔
The size of the ramekins you used is fine, but please make sure not to over mix the batter next time, and use the lowest heat setting and cook it until a skewer inserted comes out clean without wet batter.
We hope this helps! 🙂
The easiest, fastest and most versatile recipe i ever tried. So easy to do and it never fail. Yes, you need cover the pan with cloth to prevent moisture from dropping. Thank you for your recipe. Really love it.
Hi Helen! We are so happy to hear this recipe worked very well for you! 😊
Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe and for your kind feedback!
Hi Nami,
I am wondering whether I can do without the milk in this recipe or do I need to substitute it with something else. TQ.
Hi Mei! Thank you very much for reading Nami’s post!
The cake batter needs some liquid in it, so we recommend using water or another type of milk to substitute the milk amount.
(Please note that the texture might be slightly different.) We hope this helps!
Thanks Nami. I haven’t try the substitute the milk yet but I’ve tried your recipe. The steamed cupcake came out so fluffy and nice. Thanks for recipe.
By the way, is there a way to reduce the sugar?
Hi Mei! Thank you very much for trying Nami’s recipe! We are glad to hear the Steamed Cake came out fluffy and nice!
Sugar plays an important role in the recipe, and if you reduce too much, it will change the texture. So please keep at least 70% of the recipe amount of sugar. We hope this helps!